A lecture course covering the emergence of technological, theoretical and aesthetic principles of modern design beginning with the socio-cultural impact of industrialization and the crisis in architecture at the end of the 19th century. Attention is given to functionalist theory, mechanical analogies and the so-called machine aesthetic of 1910-1930 and to the precedents of important design principles of modern architecture, including modular coordination, the open plan, interlocking universal space, unadorned geometry, structural integrity, programmatic and tectonic expression, efficiency and transparency and briefly explores their development in post-war and late 20th century examples. LEC.